anathema

英 [?'n?θ?m?] 美[?'n?θ?m?]

GRE低頻詞暢通詞匯

復數:?anathemas;

anathema 詛咒；革出教門；被詛咒者

希臘前綴ana-這里表up，與on同源，詞根the-表to put，后綴-ma表行為對象和結果。anathema本指將掠奪來的敵人的物品置于寺廟（或祭壇）之上來詛咒敵人厄運。歷史上最出名的anathema是1054年導致基督教大分裂的東、西羅馬帝國教會的相互開除教籍。

anathema: anathema: [16] Originally in Greek anáthēma was a ‘votive offering’ (it was a derivative of the compound verb anatithénai ‘set up, dedicate’, formed from the prefix ana- ‘up’ and the verb tithénai ‘place’, source of English theme and related to English do). But from being broadly ‘anything offered up for religious purposes’, the word gradually developed negative associations of ‘something dedicated to evil’; and by the time it reached Latin it meant ‘curse’ or ‘accursed person’.
=> do, theme
anathema (n.): 1520s, "an accursed thing," from Latin anathema "an excommunicated person; the curse of excommunication," from Greek anathema "a thing accursed," originally "a thing devoted," literally "a thing set up (to the gods)," from ana- "up" (see ana-) + tithenai "to put, place" (see theme).

Originally simply a votive offering, by the time it reached Latin the meaning had progressed through "thing devoted to evil," to "thing accursed or damned." Later applied to persons and the Divine Curse. Meaning "formal act or formula of consigning to damnation" is from 1610s.

Anathema maranatha, taken as an intensified form, is a misreading of the Syriac maran etha "the Lord hath come," which follows anathema in I Cor. xvi:22, but is not connected with it (see Maranatha).

5. Anathema I – Attacks the target's spirit doing moderate damage.: 攻擊目標靈魂,制造中等傷害.