aspirin

        英 ['?sp(?)r?n] 美['?spr?n]
        • n. 阿司匹林(解熱鎮痛藥)

        TEM4IELTS低頻詞擴展詞匯

        詞態變化


        復數:?aspirin;?aspirins;

        助記提示


        這里所說的“阿司匹林”,是一種鎮痛解熱藥,用來緩解疼痛和降低高燒病人的體溫。“阿司匹林”是這種藥物的俗稱,其學名則是“乙酰水楊酸”。

        發明阿司匹林的是1905年的諾貝爾化學獎獲得者、德國化學家拜爾(Adolf von Baeyer,1835—1917)。他通過合成的方式制造出了乙酰水楊酸(acide acétylsalicylique)。說到水楊酸,很多人都知道,繡線菊(spirée或spiraea)的主要成分便是這種酸。但是,乙酰水楊酸卻并不是從這種植物中提取出來的。于是,德國人就將乙酰水楊酸這種合成酸稱為“Aspirin”(并非從繡線菊中提取出來的水楊酸)。其中,“a-”是表示否定的希臘語前綴,“spir”意為“繡線菊”,“-in”是醫學和化學領域常用的日耳曼語后綴。

        由于阿司匹林是一個統稱,所以該詞的首字母無須大寫。

        音譯“阿司匹林”。

        中文詞源


        aspirin 阿斯匹林

        來自德國商標名,全稱acetylierte Spirsaure. Acetylierte, 詞源同acid, 酸。詞根spir, 螺旋,見spiral, 螺旋的。指該藥提煉自一種螺旋屬植物的葉酸。

        英文詞源


        aspirin
        aspirin: [19] The word aspirin was coined in German towards the end of the 19th century. It is a condensed version of the term acetylierte spirs?ure ‘acetylated spiraeic acid’. Spiraeic acid is a former term for ‘salicylic acid’, from which aspirin is derived; its name comes from the spiraea, a plant of the rose family.
        => spiraea
        aspirin (n.)
        coined 1899 by German chemist Heinrich Dreser (1860-1924) in German as a trademark name, from Latin Spiraea (ulmaria) "meadow-sweet," the plant in whose flowers or leaves the processed acid in the medicine is naturally found, + common chemical ending -in (see -ine (2)). Spiraea (Tournefort, 1700) is from Latinized form of Greek speiraia "meadow-sweet," so called from the shape of its follicles (see spiral (adj.)). The initial -a- is to acknowledge acetylation; Dreser said the word was a contraction of acetylierte spirs?ure, the German name of the acid, which now is obsolete, replaced by salicylic acid.
        Die Bezeichnung Aspirin ist abgeleitet aus "Spirs?ure" -- alter Name der Salicyls?ure und A = Acetyl; statt" Acetylirte Spirs?ure, kurzweg "Aspirin". [H, Dreser, "Pharmakologisches über Aspirin (Acetylsalicyls?ure)," in "Archiv für die Gesammte Physiologie des Menschen und der Thiere," 1899, p.307]
        The custom of giving commercial names to medicinal products began in Germany in the late 19th century, when nascent pharmaceutical firms were discovering medical uses for common, easily made chemicals. To discourage competitors they would market the substance under a short trademarked name a doctor could remember, rather than the long chemical compound word. German law required prescriptions to be filled exactly as written.

        雙語例句


        1. Our doctor diagnosed a throat infection and prescribed antibiotic and junior aspirin.
        我們的醫生診斷是喉部感染,并且開了一些抗生素和小劑量阿司匹林。

        來自柯林斯例句

        2. I bandaged the leg up and gave her aspirin for the pain.
        我把她的腿用繃帶包扎起來,并給了她阿司匹林止痛。

        來自柯林斯例句

        3. I don't take any drugs whatsoever, except aspirin for colds.
        我什么藥都不吃,除了感冒時吃阿司匹林。

        來自柯林斯例句

        4. He would take two aspirin and sprawl out on his bed.
        他會吃兩片阿司匹林,然后攤開手腳躺在床上。

        來自柯林斯例句

        5. Aspirin apparently thins the blood and inhibits clotting.
        阿司匹林能顯著地稀釋血液、抑制血液凝結。

        來自柯林斯例句

        免费在线观看亚洲| 亚洲欧美日韩一区二区三区| 国产精品亚洲一区二区三区| 亚洲熟妇无码AV| 日韩亚洲产在线观看| 亚洲偷偷自拍高清| 亚洲欧美成人一区二区三区| 亚洲精品乱码久久久久蜜桃| 亚洲日韩精品国产一区二区三区 | 亚洲最大福利视频| 亚洲AV一二三区成人影片| 亚洲日本人成中文字幕| 中文字幕 亚洲 有码 在线| 亚洲天然素人无码专区| 亚洲爆乳AAA无码专区| 国产亚洲精品美女| 国产av无码专区亚洲国产精品| 亚洲处破女AV日韩精品| 亚洲精品成人无限看| 久久久亚洲精品国产| 久久久亚洲AV波多野结衣| 亚洲欧洲日产国码www| youjizz亚洲| 亚洲爆乳AAA无码专区| 亚洲国产人成精品| 国产精品亚洲一区二区三区在线| 久久综合日韩亚洲精品色| 91精品国产亚洲爽啪在线影院| 亚洲人成影院在线高清| 亚洲精品无码人妻无码| 亚洲高清最新av网站| 国产亚洲人成无码网在线观看| 亚洲av日韩av不卡在线观看| 亚洲视频在线免费看| 亚洲日本国产综合高清| 18禁亚洲深夜福利人口| 国产亚洲美女精品久久久| 亚洲AV日韩精品久久久久久久| 亚洲日韩中文字幕| 亚洲精品久久久久无码AV片软件| 亚洲女人被黑人巨大进入|