oxygen

英 ['?ks?d?(?)n] 美['ɑks?d??n]

CET4TEM4考研TOEFL中低頻詞核心詞匯

oxygen 氧氣

來自希臘語oxys,尖銳的，刺鼻的，來自PIE*ak,尖，刺，詞源同acid,acumen.-gen,生成，產生。即生成的尖銳刺鼻氣體，后用于指氧氣。

oxygen: oxygen: [18] Etymologically, oxygen means ‘acid-former’. The word was coined in French in the late 1780s as oxygène, based on Greek oxús ‘sharp, acid’ (a descendant of the same Indo- European base, *ak- ‘be pointed’, as produced English acid, acute, etc) and the Greek suffixgenes, denoting ‘formation, creation’ (a descendant of the Indo-European base *gen- ‘produce’, which has given English a vast range of words, from gene to genocide).
=> acid, acute, eager, gene, general, generate
oxygen (n.): gaseous chemical element, 1790, from French oxygène, coined in 1777 by French chemist Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier (1743-1794), from Greek oxys "sharp, acid" (see acrid) + French -gène "something that produces" (from Greek -genes "formation, creation;" see -gen).

Intended to mean "acidifying (principle)," it was a Greeking of French principe acidifiant. So called because oxygen was then considered essential in the formation of acids (it is now known not to be). The element was isolated by Priestley (1774), who, using the old model of chemistry, called it dephlogisticated air. The downfall of the phlogiston theory required a new name, which Lavoisier provided.

2. Ozone is produced by the reaction between oxygen and ultra-violet light.: 臭氧由氧氣和紫外線發生反應而產生。

3. Smoking and drinking interfere with your body's ability to process oxygen.: 抽煙與酗酒有礙身體處理氧氣的能力。

4. Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen combine chemically to form carbohydrates and fats.: 碳、氫、氧化合形成碳水化合物和脂肪。

5. Supplementary oxygen is rarely needed in pressurized aircraft.: 密封的飛機內很少需要補充氧氣。